Structural characteristics and application scenarios of common communication optical cables (1)

Structural characteristics and application scenarios of common communication optical cables (1)

Commonly used communication optical cables are introduced in three parts: ordinary optical cables, FTTH drop cables and optical fiber ribbon cables.

1 ordinary fiber optic cable

Ordinary optical cables may be the earliest optical cables widely used in communication networks, including commonly used GYTA optical cables (commonly known as "pipe optical cables"), GYTS optical cables (commonly known as "overhead optical cables"), and GYTA53 optical cables (commonly known as "direct buried optical cables") And GYTZA type optical cable (commonly known as "flame retardant optical cable").

1.1 Duct Optical Cable (GYTA)

GYTA cable is a layered structure. Insert the fiber into the loose tube, and fill the tube with waterproof compound. The center of the cable core is a metal reinforced core. For some fiber optic cables, a layer of polyethylene (PE) needs to be extruded outside the metal reinforced core. The loose tube (and filler rope) is twisted around the central reinforcing core into a compact circular cable core, and the gaps in the cable core are filled with water blocking filler. The plastic-coated aluminum tape (APL) is longitudinally wrapped and then extruded into a cable with a polyethylene sheath. 

GYTA optical cable has good waterproof performance and is suitable for occasions where pipeline laying is the main method, and overhead laying can also be used.

1.2 Overhead Optical Cable (GYTS)

The core structure of GYTS optical cable is the same as that of GYTA, the difference is that its sheath is double-sided chrome-plated plastic-coated steel tape (PSP) + polyethylene. 

Compared with GYTA optical cable, GYTS optical cable has better resistance to lateral pressure, and is suitable for scenarios where the lateral pressure of optical cable is relatively large, such as paragraphs where overhead laying is the main part, or for home width and passenger access, it can also be used. in the way of pipe laying.

1.3 Direct Buried Optical Cable (GYTA53)

GYTA53 optical cable can be understood as the outer sheath of GYTA optical cable is armored with double-sided chrome-plated plastic-coated steel tape (PSP), and finally the polyethylene outer sheath is extruded into a cable. 

GYTA53 optical cable has good waterproof, anti-side pressure, anti-stretch performance, suitable for direct burial. Due to the high cost of direct-buried optical cables and the inability to expand the capacity, the direct-buried method is no longer used for newly-built optical cable lines. Direct buried optical cable is mainly used for the maintenance of the original direct buried optical cable line.

1.4 Flame retardant optical cable (GYTZA)

The structure of GYTZA optical cable is the same as that of GYTA optical cable; the difference is that the sheath of GYTA optical cable is polyethylene material, and the sheath of GYTZA optical cable is flame retardant material.

GYTZA optical cable is mainly used for the incoming section of core nodes and important aggregation nodes. Generally, the length of each incoming optical cable should not be less than 500 meters.